High density laminar recordings reveal cell type and layer specific responses to infrared neural stimulation in the rat neocortex

High density laminar recordings reveal cell type and layer specific responses to infrared neural stimulation in the rat neocortex

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Abstract Infrared neural stimulation has cartoon martian with big head consistently shown that temperature is a critical neuronal state variable.However, a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical background is essential.In this study, using high-density laminar electrode recordings, we investigated the impact of pulsed and continuous-wave infrared illumination on cortical neurons in anesthetized rats ( $$n=8$$ ).By analyzing the infrared (IR) stimulation-related responses of more than 7500 single units, we found that elevating tissue temperature with IR stimulation resulted in a significant increase in the number of cells affected, including a substantial rise in the number of inhibited cells.

Pulsed stimulation affected an average of $$42.67% pm 13.06%$$ of units, resulting primarily in increased activity.In contrast, continuous stimulation significantly increased the percentage of affected cells to $$63.

21% pm 7.57%$$ , with single units tending to be suppressed.Furthermore, when analyzing cell types, michael harris sunglasses a higher percentage of principal cells displayed increased firing rates ( $$31.67% pm 9.

38%$$ ) compared to suppressed activity ( $$7.87% pm 3.61%$$ ).Meanwhile, more interneurons were suppressed ( $$25.

81% pm 9.01%$$ ) than showed increased activity ( $$20.03% pm 7.21%$$ ).

On average, the firing rate of neurons reached 90% of the maximal activation within approximately 36 seconds after the onset of infrared stimulation.The proportion of neurons with suppressed activity decreased with cortical depth, while the proportion of neurons with elevated activity increased in deeper layers.These results provide valuable data to understand the mechanism of infrared neural stimulation in the living brain.